An agreement on visiting forces resembles an agreement on the status of the armed forces, with the exception of the first, which only temporarily covers intervention forces in a country that does not reside there. NATO SOFA is a multilateral agreement applicable between all NATO member countries. Since June 2007, 26 countries, agreement, of which the United States has either ratified the agreement or joined NATO by joining NATO.126 NATO SOFA127 is the only SOFA to have been signed under a treaty.128 ISAF has a military-specific status with the Afghan government in the form of an annex to a military technical agreement entitled “International Security Assistance Force Status Agreement.” The agreement provides that all ISAF members and support staff are subject to the exclusive jurisdiction of their respective national criminal or disciplinary elements and that such personnel are immune from arrest or detention by the Afghan authorities and cannot be handed over to an international tribunal or other body or another state without the explicit consent of the contributing country. In 2003, NATO took command of ISAF in Afghanistan. Between March 2003 and August 2010, the United States participated in military operations in Iraq to first remove Saddam Hussein`s regime from power, then fight the remnants of the former regime and other threats to the stability of Iraq and its government after Saddam. In late 2007, the United States and Iraq signed a Declaration of Principles for Long-Term Cooperation and Friendship between the Republic of Iraq and the United States of America.111 The Strategic Agreement in the Declaration was ultimately intended to replace the United Nations mandate that the United States and allied forces be responsible for its contribution to the security of Iraq. The declaration ended on December 31, 2008.112 The declaration took root in a communiqué dated August 26, 2007, signed by five political leaders in Iraq, calling for long-term relations with the United States. In accordance with the declaration, the parties pledged to “start as soon as possible with the aim of reaching agreements between the two governments on political, cultural, economic and security issues by 31 July 2008.” 113 The declaration announced, among other things, the intention of the parties to negotiate a security agreement: 1953: agreement on the application of the NATO Status Agreement to U.S. forces in Canada, including bases leased to Newfoundland and Goose Bay, Labrador, with the exception of certain agreements reached under the lease base agreement The security and strategic framework agreements came into effect on January 1. , 2009 after an exchange of diplomatic notes between the United States and Iraq.